A myelogram is a test to check problems with your spinal canal. This includes the spinal cord, nerve roots, and spinal lining. The canal is a tunnel-like structure in your spine that surrounds your spinal cord. A myelogram uses a dye injected into the spinal canal with the guidance of imaging. The imaging is typically done by a real-time form of X-ray (called fluoroscopy). Pictures are then taken of your spinal canal.
How do I get ready for a myelogram?
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Don’t eat the morning of the test. But you can drink water or other clear fluids.
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If told to, stop taking medicines before the test.
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Arrange for someone to drive you home.
What to tell the person doing your study
Tell the healthcare provider if you:
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Are pregnant or think you may be pregnant
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Have any bleeding problems
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Take blood thinners (anticoagulants) or other medicines. These include aspirin, certain antipsychotic medicines, and antidepressants. You may be told to stop taking these 1 or more days before your test.
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Have had back surgery or low back pain
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Have any allergies
What happens during a myelogram?
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You will change into a hospital gown.
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Your lower back will be cleaned, covered with drapes, and injected with a numbing medicine.
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Your healthcare provider will use X-rays (fluoroscopy) to guide a thin needle into your spinal canal space.
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The healthcare provider may take out a small amount of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The provider will inject dye (contrast fluid) into your spinal canal.
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The table will be tilted in various directions to help move the contrast dye to different areas of your spinal canal.
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More X-rays will be taken.
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If you need a CT test, it will follow the X-rays.
What happens after a myelogram?
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Take it easy for the rest of the day, as advised.
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Don't do any physical activity or bending for 1 to 2 days after the procedure, or as directed by your healthcare provider.
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Lie down with your head raised if you get a headache, or if directed to do so.
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Drink plenty of water.
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Your healthcare provider will discuss the test results with you at a follow-up appointment.
What are the risks of a myelogram?
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Small risks of pain, bleeding or infection at the injection site or in or around the spinal canal
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Headache
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CSF leak that may need a blood patch or other treatments
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Injury to a nerve or the spinal cord at the injection site
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X-ray radiation exposure (generally believed to be low risk and safe)
When should I call my healthcare provider?
Call your healthcare provider right away if any of the following occur:
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A headache that lasts 2 days or more
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Fever of 100.4 °F (38°C) or above, or as directed by your healthcare provider
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Chills
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Severe upset stomach or vomiting
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Trouble urinating or having a bowel movement
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Lasting pain in your back, or tingling in your groin or legs
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Or anything else your provider told you to report based on your health condition
